Stacking (chemistry)



 

  Stacking in DNA. Stacking also frequently occurs in proteins where two relatively non-polar rings have overlapping pi orbitals. The exact nature of such interactions (electrostatic or nonelectrostatic) is a matter of debates.

Stacking within supramolecular chemistry

In dipole-dipole interactions.

π-π interactions act strongly on flat delocalized π-electrons. This interaction, which is a bit stronger than other noncovalent interactions, plays an important role in various parts of supramolecular chemistry. For example, π-π interactions have a big influence on molecule-based crystal structures of aromatic compounds.

A powerful demonstration of stacking is found with the buckycatcher depicted below.[2] This chemical shifts.

Stacking in biology

In covalent bond, the sum of all pi stacking interactions within the double-stranded DNA molecule creates a large net stabilizing energy.

Uses in materials

Many nanotechnology.

Aromatic stacking interaction

Aromatic stacking interaction, sometimes called phenyl stacking, is a phenomenon in peptides. The effect can be exploited in gas sensors to detect the presence of aromatic chemicals.

T-stacking

A related effect called T-stacking is often seen in proteins where the partially positively hydrogen atom of one aromatic system points perpendicular to the center of the aromatic plane of the other aromatic system.

See also

References

  1. ^ A. Petitjean, R. G. Khoury, N. Kyritsakas and J. M. Lehn (2004). "Dynamic Devices. Shape Switching and Substrate Binding in Ion-Controlled Nanomechanical Molecular Tweezers". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 (21): 6637-6647. doi:10.1021/ja031915r.
  2. ^ a b A. Sygula, F. R. Fronczek, R. Sygula, P. W. Rabideau and M. M. Olmstead (2007). "A Double Concave Hydrocarbon Buckycatcher". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129 (13): 3842-3843. doi:10.1021/ja070616p.
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Stacking_(chemistry)". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.