Coenzyme A



Coenzyme A
Identifiers
CAS number 85-61-0
PubChem 317
MeSH Coenzyme+A
SMILES CC(C)(COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OCC1C (C(C(O1)N2C=NC3=C2N=CN=C3N)O) OP(=O)(O)O)C(C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCS)O
Properties
Molecular formula C21H36N7O16P3S
Molar mass 767.535
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Coenzyme A (CoA, CoASH, or HSCoA) is a adenosine triphosphate.

Biosynthesis

Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step process from pantothenate:

  1. Pantothenate is phosphorylated to 4'-phosphopantothenate by the enzyme pantothenate kinase
  2. A cysteine is added to 4'-phosphopantothenate by the enzyme phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase to form 4'-phospho-N-pantothenoylcysteine (PPC)
  3. PPC is decarboxylated to 4'-phosphopantetheine by phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase
  4. 4'-phosphopantetheine is adenylylated to form dephospho-CoA by the enzyme phosphopantetheine adenylyl transerase
  5. Finally, dephospho-CoA is phosphorylated using ATP to coenzyme A by the enzyme dephosphocoenzyme A kinase.

Function

Since coenzyme A is chemically a acetyl-CoA. When it is not attached to an acyl group it is usually referred to as 'CoASH' or 'HSCoA'.

List of coenzyme A activated acyl groups

  • Butyryl CoA

Additional images

References

  • Karl Miller (1998). Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acids. Retrieved May 18, 2005.
  • Charles Ophard (2003). Acetyl-CoA Crossroads. Retrieved May 18, 2005.
  • Lehninger: Principles of Biochemistry, 4th edition, David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox
  • http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/621fattyacidrx.html


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