Diisopropylfluorophosphate

Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP, diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate) is an oily, colorless or faint yellow liquid with the chemical formula C₆H₁₄FO₃P. It is used in medicine and as an sarin.

It is known also under names Demecarium, Difluorophate, Diflupyl, Diflurphate, Dyflos, Dyphlos, Fluoropropyl, Fluropryl, Fluostigmine, Humorsol, isofluorophate, isofluorphate, Neoglaucit, PF-3, PF3, T-1703, TL 466, and others.

Uses in medicine

Diisopropylfluorophosphate (closely related to demecarium bromide) has been used in ophthalmology as a miotic agent in treatment of chronic glaucoma, as a miotic in veterinary medicine, and as an experimental agent in neuroscience because of its acetylcholinesterase delayed peripheral neuropathy. It is known as fluostigmine and Dyflos in such uses.

Uses as toxin

The marked toxicity of esters of monofluorophosphoric acid was discovered in 1932, when Willy Lange and his PhD student Gerda von Krueger prepared the methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and n-butyl esters and incidentally experienced their toxic effects. Another homologue of this series of esters, Diisopropylfluorophosphate, was developed by British scientist Bernard Charles Saunders. On his search for compounds to be used as GF).

Diisopropylfluorophosphate is a very potent synapse. Once the impulse has been transmitted, acetylcholinesterase functions to deactivate the acetylcholine almost immediately by breaking it down. If the enzyme is inhibited, acetylcholine accumulates and nerve impulses cannot be stopped, causing prolonged muscle contraction. Paralysis occurs and death may result since the respiratory muscles are affected.

Sources

• Brenner, G. M. (2000): Pharmacology. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company. ISBN 0-7216-7757-6
• Meiers, P. (2006): History of the fluorophosphates