Propan-1-ol



Propan-1-ol

General
Systematic name propan-1-ol
Other names 1-propanol
propyl alcohol
n-propanol
n-propyl alcohol
propanol
Molecular formula C3H8O
SMILES CCCO
Molar mass 60.09 g/mol
Appearance Clear, colourless liquid
CAS number [71-23-8]
Properties
Density and phase 0.8034 g/cm3, liquid
water Fully miscible
All common solvents: Fully miscible
Melting point −126.5 °C (146.7 K)
Boiling point 97.1 °C (370.3 K)
Acidity (pKa) (~16)
Viscosity 2.26 cP at ?°C
Dipole moment 1.68 D
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
EU classification Flammable (F)
Irritant (Xi)
NFPA 704
3
1
0
 
R-phrases R11, R41, R67
S-phrases S39
Flash point 15 °C
RTECS number UH8225000
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties 		εr, etc.
Thermodynamic
data 		Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data MS
Related compounds
Related alcohols Butan-1-ol
Related compounds Propionic acid
1-Chloropropane
Propyl acetate
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Propan-1-ol is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH. It is also known as 1-propanol, 1-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, or simply propanol. It is an propan-2-ol. It is used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, and for resins and cellulose esters. It is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes.

Chemical properties

1-Propanol shows the normal reactions of a primary alcohol. Thus it can be converted to propionic acid


Preparation

1-Propanol is a major constituent of fusel oil, a by-product formed from certain amino acids when potatoes or grains are fermented to produce ethanol. This is no longer a significant source of the material.

1-Propanol is manufactured by catalytic rhodium complex.

(1) H2C=CH2 + CH3CH2CH=O
(2) CH3CH2CH=O + H2 → CH3CH2CH2OH

A traditional laboratory preparation of 1-propanol involves treating 1-iodopropane with moist Ag2O.

History

1-Propanol was discovered in 1853 by Chancel, who obtained it by fractional distillation of fusel oil.

References

  1. Furniss, B. S.; Hannaford, A. J.; Smith, P. W. G.; Tatchell, A. R. (1989). Vogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry (5th Edn.), Harlow:Longman. ISBN 0-582-46236-3
  2. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 71st edition, CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1990.
  3. The Merck Index, 7th edition, Merck & Co, Rahway, New Jersey, USA, 1960.
  4. Perkin, W. H.; Kipping, F. S. (1922). Organic Chemistry, London: W. & R. Chambers.


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Alcohols
(0°)tert-Butanol
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Propan-1-ol". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.