Rhodamine

Rhodamine B

Cl

mole

CAS Number: 81-88-9

SMILES structure: [Cl-].CCN(CC)c1ccc2c(OC3=CC(C=CC3=C2c4ccccc4C(O)=O)=[N+](CC)CC)c1

Rhodamine B is used in biology as a staining fluorescent dye, sometimes in combination with auramine-rhodamine stain to demonstrate acid-fast organisms, notably Mycobacterium.

Rhodamine B is tunable around 610 nm when used as a laser dye.

Rhodamine B is also called Rhodamine 610, Basic Violet 10, or C.I. 45170.

Rhodamine 6G

  Molecular Formula: C₂₈H₃₁N₂O₃Cl

Molecular Weight: 479.02 g/mol

CAS Number: 989-38-8

SMILES structure: [Cl-].CCNc1cc2OC3=CC(=[NH+]CC)C(=CC3=C(c2cc1C)c4ccccc4C(=O)OCC)C

Rhodamine 6G is often used as a quantum yield, low cost, and its lasing range has close proximity to its absorption maximum (approximately 530 nm). The lasing range of the dye is 555 to 585 nm with a maximum at 566 nm.

Rhodamine 6G is also called Rhodamine 590, R6G, Basic Rhodamine Yellow , or C.I. 45160.

Rhodamine 123

The laser dye rhodamine 123 is also used in biochemistry to inhibit P-glycoprotein (Pgp), which is usually overexpressed in cancer cells. Recent reports indicate that rhodamine 123 may be also a substrate of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), or more specifically, MRP1.

Other Rhodamine Derivatives

There are many rhodamine derivatives used for imaging purposes, for example the tetramethyl rhodamine derivatives TRITC and TAMRA, sulforhodamine 101 (and its sulfonyl chloride form Texas Red) and Rhodamine Red. TRITC is the base rhodamine molecule functionalized with an amine groups on proteins inside cells. A succinimidyl-ester functional group attached to the rhodamine core, creating NHS-rhodamine, forms another common amine-reactive derivative.

Other derivatives of rhodamine include newer fluorophores such as DyLight 549 and DyLight 633, have been tailored for various chemical and biological applications where higher photostability, increased brightness, different spectral characteristics, or different attachment groups are needed.