Siemens (unit)



The siemens (symbol: S) is the SI derived unit in 1971.

This Celsius".
— Based on The International System of Units, section 5.2.

Definition


SI multiples for siemens (S)
Submultiples Multiples
Value Symbol Name Value Symbol Name
10–1 S dS decisiemens 101 S daS decasiemens
10–2 S cS centisiemens 102 S hS hectosiemens
10–3 S mS millisiemens 103 S kS kilosiemens
10–6 S µS microsiemens 106 S MS megasiemens
10–9 S nS nanosiemens 109 S GS gigasiemens
10–12 S pS picosiemens 1012 S TS terasiemens
10–15 S fS femtosiemens 1015 S PS petasiemens
10–18 S aS attosiemens 1018 S ES exasiemens
10–21 S zS zeptosiemens 1021 S ZS zettasiemens
10–24 S yS yoctosiemens 1024 S YS yottasiemens
Common multiples are in bold face.

For a physical object, typically an electronic device, with electrical resistance R, the conductance G is defined as

G = \frac{1}R = \frac{I}V,

where I is the current through the object and V is the voltage (electrical potential difference) across the object.

The unit siemens for the conductance G is defined by

\mbox{S} = \Omega^{-1} = \dfrac{\mbox{A}}{\mbox{V}} = \dfrac{\mbox{C}^2 \cdot \mbox{s}}{\mbox{kg} \cdot \mbox{m}^2} = \dfrac{\mbox{A}^{2} \cdot \mbox{s}^3}{\mbox{kg} \cdot \mbox{m}^2}

Note that the last term is in ohm.

So for a device with conductance one siemens, then the electric current through it with one volt across it is one ampere, and for each extra volt across it the electric current through it increases by one ampere.

Example: The conductance of a resistor with resistance six ohms is G = 1/(6 Ω) \approx 0.167 S.

Mho

The siemens is equivalent to the previously used term mho unit, which was derived from spelling ohm backwards and written with an upside-down capital Greek letter Omega: \mho, Unicode symbol is U+2127 (℧). The term siemens, as it is an SI unit, is used universally in science and primarily in electrical applications, while mho is still used primarily in electronic applications. The upside down ohm symbol, while not an official SI unit, has the advantage of being less likely to be confused with a variable than the letter S when doing algebraic calculations by hand, where the usual typographical distinctions (such as italic for variables and Roman for unit names) are difficult to maintain. Furthermore, in some industries (like electronics) it is common to write the symbol for second incorrectly as S instead of s, causing potential confusion.

References

  • Brochure "The International System of Units" issued by the BIPM
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Siemens_(unit)". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.