Xanthine



Xanthine
IUPAC name 3,7-Dihydro-purine-2,6-dione
Other names 1H-Purine-2,6-diol
Identifiers
CAS number 69-89-6
PubChem 1188
SMILES O=C1NC(=O)c2[nH]cnc2N1
Properties
Molecular formula C5H4N4O2
Molar mass 152.111 g/mol
Appearance White solid
Melting point

decomposes

Solubility in water 1 g/ 14.5 L @ 16 °C
1 g/1.4 L @ 100 °C
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Xanthine (base found in most body tissues and fluids and in other organisms.

Reactions

Xanthine is a product on the pathway of purine degradation.

  • It is created from guanine by guanine deaminase.
  • It is created from hypoxanthine by xanthine oxidoreductase.

Xanthine is subsequently converted to uric acid by the action of the xanthine oxidase enzyme.

Pathology

People with the rare genetic disorder xanthinuria lack sufficient xanthine oxidase and cannot convert xanthine to uric acid.

Clinical significance of xanthine derivatives

Derivatives of xanthine, known collectively as xanthines, are a group of sympathomimetic amines. Due to widespread effects, the therapeutic range of xanthines is narrow, making them merely a second-line asthma treatment. The therapeutic level is 10-20 micrograms/mL blood; signs of toxicity include tremor, nausea, nervousness, and tachycardia/arrhythmia.

nucleic acids.

References

  1. ^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9968.
v • d • e
Psychoanaleptics: Vinpocetine
v • d • e
Drugs for obstructive airway diseases: asthma/COPD (Ipratropium/salbutamol
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Xanthine". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.